1,199 research outputs found
Growth of epitaxial nanowires by controlled coarsening of strained islands
We show that elongated nanowires can be grown on crystal surfaces by allowing
large strained two-dimensional islands to desorb by varying the adatom
supersaturation or chemical potential. The width of the wires formed in this
process is determined by a competition between the repulsive elastic
interactions of the long edges of the wires and the thermodynamic driving force
which tends to decrease the distance between these edges. The proposed
mechanism allows for control of the wire sizes by changing the growth
conditions, in particular, the vapor pressure of the material that is being
deposited
On the energetic origin of self-limiting trenches formed around Ge/Si quantum dots
At high growth temperatures, the misfit strain at the boundary of Ge quantum
dots on Si(001) is relieved by formation of trenches around the base of the
islands. The depth of the trenches has been observed to saturate at a level
that depends on the base-width of the islands. Using finite element
simulations, we show that the self-limiting nature of trench depth is due to a
competition between the elastic relaxation energy gained by the formation of
the trench and the surface energy cost for creating the trench. Our simulations
predict a linear increase of the trench depth with the island radius, in
quantitative agreement with the experimental observations of Drucker and
coworkers
Strain induced stabilization of stepped Si and Ge surfaces near (001)
We report on calculations of the formation energies of several [100] and
[110] oriented step structures on biaxially stressed Si and Ge (001) surfaces.
It is shown that a novel rebonded [100] oriented single-height step is strongly
stabilized by compressive strain compared to most well-known step structures.
We propose that the side walls of ``hut''-shaped quantum dots observed in
recent experiments on SiGe/Si films are made up of these steps. Our
calculations provide an explanation for the nucleationless growth of shallow
mounds, with steps along the [100] and [110] directions in low- and high-misfit
films, respectively, and for the stability of the (105) facets under
compressive strain.Comment: to appear in Appl. Phys. Lett.; v2=minor corrections,figs resize
The atomistic structure and energy of nascent dislocation loops
An harmonic lattice theory is used, in conjunction with Mura's theory of eigendistorsions, to study the structure and energetics of nascent dislocation loops in face-centred-cubic (FCC) crystals. An analytical expression for the activation energies of such loops is derived. The results obtained herein indicate that thermal activation of small dislocation loops is possible at high stress levels such as those found in the vicinity of a crack tip. The implications of these results in understanding phenomena such as the brittle-ductile transition are discussed
Quasicontinuum Models of Interfacial Structure and Deformation
Microscopic models of the interaction between grain boundaries (GBs) and both
dislocations and cracks are of importance in understanding the role of
microstructure in altering the mechanical properties of a material. A recently
developed mixed atomistic and continuum method is extended to examine the
interaction between GBs, dislocations and cracks. These calculations elucidate
plausible microscopic mechanisms for these defect interactions and allow for
the quantitative evaluation of critical parameters such as the stress to
nucleate a dislocation at a step on a GB and the force needed to induce GB
migration.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages, 4 figure
Possible ferro-spin nematic order in NiGa2S4
We explore the possibility that the spin-1 triangular lattice magnet NiGa2 S4
may have a ferro-nematic ground state with no frozen magnetic moment but a
uniform quadrupole moment. Such a state may be stabilized by biquadratic spin
interactions. We describe the physical properties of this state and suggest
experiments to help verify this proposal. We also contrast this state with a
`non-collinear' nematic state proposed earlier by Tsunetsugu and Arikawa for
NiGa2S4
Dynamic of a non homogeneously coarse grained system
To study materials phenomena simultaneously at various length scales,
descriptions in which matter can be coarse grained to arbitrary levels, are
necessary. Attempts to do this in the static regime (i.e. zero temperature)
have already been developed. In this letter, we present an approach that leads
to a dynamics for such coarse-grained models. This allows us to obtain
temperature-dependent and transport properties. Renormalization group theory is
used to create new local potentials model between nodes, within the
approximation of local thermodynamical equilibrium. Assuming that these
potentials give an averaged description of node dynamics, we calculate thermal
and mechanical properties. If this method can be sufficiently generalized it
may form the basis of a Molecular Dynamics method with time and spatial
coarse-graining.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
- …